Functions and Objectives of Statistics

Statistics is a kind of mathematical science which mainly works with data collection, analysis, interpretation and easy serving of data. The field of statistics involves methods and theory used to pile numerical data or observations with the objective of making rational decision in face of uncertainly. It is also possible to predict the course of events in the future on the basis of past experience with the help of statistical data. The objectives and functions of statistics are to collect data, analyse data, present data and interpret the results of any research. The functions of statistics are discussed below:

1. To present facts in a definite form: The main function of statistics is to present general statement in a definite and specific form. It also presents data and information in a precise and definite form and therefore helps proper comparisons.
2. To simplify complex data so as to make them understandable: Statistics presents facts indefinite form and helps in condensing a huge data into a significant figure. It also helps in simplifying the complex data so as to make them understandable.
3. Statistics is technique of making comparison: Once the data are simplified, they can be correlated and compared, with each other. The relationship between two different groups is best represented by mathematical quantities, such as averages, rates and ratios etc.
4. Statistics enlarges individual experience: An individual’s Knowledge is limited to what he can observe and see, with in a small part of the social organism. His knowledge is widened in many ways by studying certain conclusions and result, based on numerical investigations.
5. Statistics enables measurement of the magnitude of phenomenon: With the help of statistical methods, it is possible to study and understand some natural phenomenon or a social or an economic problem. A man of data-unwieldy and complex-concerning a problem may be presented in a definite order and form. Once this is done, it becomes easier to find out the characteristics of data and can be compared with the characteristics of other data, collected at different times or under different circumstances.
6. Statistics enlarges individual experience: An individual’s Knowledge is limited to what he can observe and see, with in a small part of the social organism. His knowledge is widened in many ways by studying certain conclusions and result, based on numerical investigations.

From the above discussion, it can be said that all these functions play a special role in various fields of statistics. [Sharmin Jahan Sayma]

Reference: Kamal, M. A., & Roy, Prabir, Business Statistics, Page no. 1-9